PVE Setup vmbr

debian 11 安装 pve的配置网桥记录

安装

可以直接安装pve官方的iso镜像。

我是在自己笔记本上安装了debian 11,再安装的pve的软件包。

https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_11_Bullseye

按照上面的说明进行,会遇到某些文件属于其他软件包,无法安装。 解决办法:

cd /var/cache/apt/archives/
sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite *.deb

pve依赖ifupdown2,需要手动安装。

用法比较简单:

sudo ifquery -a
sudo ifup eth0
sudo ifdown eth0

另外,pve-manager服务启动失败的问题是因为hosts和hostname配置不对:

/etc/hosts 第二行127.0.1.1改成实际的ip; fullhostname要和hostname吻合。

例如:

192.168.2.3     debian.v2less.com	debian

网卡名称改为eth0格式

vi /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"

硬件直通功能

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_iommu=on pcie_acs_override=downstream"
sudo update-grub

重启系统后生效。

想要直通网卡的话,可以看一下网卡id:

sudo ethtool -i eth0

导入vmdk虚拟机镜像

pve管理界面先创建一个虚拟机,然后删除硬盘,并获得虚拟机id

qm importdisk 113 vmdkfilename.vmdk ceph_pool-01 -format qcow2

openwrt 安装

https://www.10bests.com/install-openwrt-lede-on-pve/

替换软件源:

sed -i 's/downloads.openwrt.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn\/openwrt/g' /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf

遇到找不到wlan0的处理

sudo apt install rfkill
sudo rfkill list all
sudo rfkill unblock 3
#下面的三条命令可以不管,如果你也用networkmanager管理无线的话
sudo ifup wlan0
sudo iwconfig
sudo iwlist wlan0 scan|grep ESSID

NetworkManager和networking公用

pve使用networking管理网卡,配置文件 /etc/network/interfaces

NetworkManager默认也会管理网卡,如果不做配置会冲突。

NetworkManager使用插件keyfile屏蔽网卡:

vi /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf :

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile

[ifupdown]
#false的意思是在/etc/network/interfaces配置的网卡都不管了
managed=false
[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=unmanaged-devices=interface-name:usb0,interface-name:vmbr*,interface-name:fw*,interface-name:tap*

修改后,重启NetworkManager服务。

查看管理状态

nmcli dev status

DEVICE         TYPE      STATE         CONNECTION 
wlan0          wifi      disconnected  --         
p2p-dev-wlan0  wifi-p2p  disconnected  --         
fwbr100i0      bridge    unmanaged     --         
vmbr0          bridge    unmanaged     --         
vmbr1          bridge    unmanaged     --         
eth0           ethernet  unmanaged     --         
fwln100i0      ethernet  unmanaged     --         
fwpr100p0      ethernet  unmanaged     --         
usb0           ethernet  unmanaged     --         
lo             loopback  unmanaged     --         
tap100i0       tun       unmanaged     --

网卡配置

cat /etc/network/interfaces
# network interface settings; autogenerated
# Please do NOT modify this file directly, unless you know what
# you're doing.
#
# If you want to manage parts of the network configuration manually,
# please utilize the 'source' or 'source-directory' directives to do
# so.
# PVE will preserve these directives, but will NOT read its network
# configuration from sourced files, so do not attempt to move any of
# the PVE managed interfaces into external files!

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

iface enxfa95ea8a9699 inet manual

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

#vmbr0 网桥ip段和绑定的物理网卡在统一网段,设定的ip可以和物理网卡一致,也可以不同
#gateway在本配置文件只能出现一次, 本配置文件中不要配置绑定的物理网卡的ip
#不过在interfaces.d目录下还有一个物理网卡的配置usb0
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
	address 192.168.2.3/24
	gateway 192.168.2.15
	bridge-ports usb0
	bridge-stp off
	bridge-fd 0
	bridge-vlan-aware yes
	bridge-vids 2-4094

#vmbr1 用于虚拟机的nat网络,并开启ip转发
auto vmbr1
    iface vmbr1 inet static
            address 192.168.1.1
            netmask 255.255.255.0
            bridge_ports none
            bridge_stp off
            bridge_fd 0
            post-up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
            post-up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s '192.168.1.0/24' -o vmbr0 -j MASQUERADE
            post-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s '192.168.1.0/24' -o vmbr0 -j MASQUERADE
auto usb0
 iface usb0 inet static
	address 192.168.2.3/24
	gateway 192.168.2.15
        nameserver 58.240.57.33
        nameserver 221.6.4.66
        nameserver 114.114.114.114

小技巧

虚拟机配置网卡

``cat /etc/network/interfaces.d/ens18

# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug ens18
iface ens18 inet static
        address 192.168.1.20/24
        gateway 192.168.1.1
        # 路由优先级,数字越小优先级越高
        metric 100
        # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
        dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8

当网桥使用后,再修改网桥ip或者绑定的物理网卡ip,使用 ifup vmbr0/eth0让配置生效即可。

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